History of Africa / History of Ghana
2000 BC.
The Kingdom of KUSH begins in NUBIA
900 BC.
The KUSH kingdom became independent
from Egypt
600 BC.
The NOK culture begins in northern Nigeria
200 BC.
The NOK culture ends.
The Kingdom of KUSH begins in NUBIA
900 BC.
The KUSH kingdom became independent
from Egypt
600 BC.
The NOK culture begins in northern Nigeria
200 BC.
The NOK culture ends.
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2nd century AD
The AXUM kingdome rises to power 320-350 AD King Ezana rules AXUM and convertes to Christianity 350 AD The AXUM kingdom overruns the city of the KUSH kingdom. The area of KUSH ends. 600 AD AXUM rules part of western Arabia 770 AD The kingdom of GHANA rises to power in West Africa. Build Soninke people. 800 AD The IFE kingdom in Nigeria and Kanem-Bornu become prominent |
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800 AD
Arabs and persians set up first trading posts in East Africa 900 AD GHANA controls the trade with gold and salt. Ghana also buys cloth from Europe. 999 AD Baganda is the first king of KANO in western Nigeria. |
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1000 AD
The AXUM kingdom collapses as a new islamic empire from Arabia expands 1043 AD The MANDINGO EMPIRE of Jrenne founded in West Africa. 1200 Eweka is the first OBA (ruler) in the new founded BENIN kingdom 1240 GHANA becomes part of the new MALI EMPIRE 1307 Mali Empire at its high with TIMBUKTU as capital 1332 Probable year of Mansa Musa`s dead 1335 The SHONGAI rouling dynasty is founded 1450 The kingdom of GREAT ZIMBABWE is at his peak 1440-1480 Reign of the most famous OBA (ruler) of BENIN, Ewuare the Great 1464 SHONGHAI breaks away from MALI`s control 1441 PORTUGUESE ships bring slaves back from West Africa to Europe 1448 Slaves are sold at the first portuguese trading post in Africa 1493 Askia Muhammad the 1. becoms the new ruler of SONGHAI at its peak 1502 Spanish take the first african slaves to the plantations in America 1506 The KONGO KINGDOM has is first Christian king, Alfonso 1. 1530 The TRANS ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE from Africa to America begins. 1571-1603 Idris Alawma is the new ruler of the empire of KANEM-BORNU 1591 The SONGHAI KINGDOM is defated by Moroccan, Portugueseand Spanish soldiers 1680 The average plantation in Barbados has 60 slaves 1681 The American state of Virginia has about 2000 slaves 1700 Peak time for the slave trade. Cities such as Liverpool, Nantes and Bristol grow rich on the profits. 1730 90 per cent of Jamaica`s population are of african orgin 1780 First campaigners against slavery 1788 The African Association is set up in London 1795 Munngo Park explores the river Niger 1806 Britain takes control of the CAPE COLONY from the Dutch 1807 |
HAITI becomes the FIRST REPUBLIC ruled by formals AFRICAN SLAVES
1807 The British slave trade is abolished 1808 Sierra Leone becomes under British control 1835 The Boers (Dutch farmers) leave Cape Colony and begin the Great Trek north 1843 Gambia is the next african colony for Britain 1852 Livingston starts a four-year journey across Africa, following the Zambezi River 1858 The first Europeans to see the the Lake Tanganyika are John Speke and Richard Burton 1860 Lagos (Nigeria becomes a British colony 1878 The ZULU War with Britain. After six months, thr British ar victorious 1882 Britain takes control over Egypt 1884 The BERLIN CONFERENCE divides Africa up among seven European contries with no regard for African people, cultures and natural boundaries. 1889 The British conquer the land of matabele, calling it Rhodesia 1891 Northern Algeria becoms part of France. 1891 Tanganyika (now Tanzania) becomes a German protrctorate. 1893 The French take control over Mali 1895 Kenya is now under British control 1899-1902 The Boer Wars between Britain and the Boer people. 1903 The Gold Coast (now Ghana) becomes British colony 1910 The South African Union is formed 1911 The British coony of Rhodesia is divided into Southern (now Zimbabwe) and Northern (now Zambia) 1912 Morocco is divided into French and Spanish protectorates 1957 GHANA, formaly known as the GOLD COAST, gained as FIRST AFRICAN COLONY, full independence from Britain GHANA The big GHANA kingdom, (today Gambia, Guinea, Mali and Senegal), impressed Muslim and European visitors. Traders marveld at warriors eith gold mounted swords and shields guarding the king. The peak of the GHANA kingdom was in the 10th century when it controlled salt and gold trade. |
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KUSH
The first great African civilisations (apart from Egypt) grew up in Nubia (today northern Sudan around 2000 BC. Known as the KUSH kingdom. Around 300 BC., Meroe on the river Nile became the Kush capital and an importent centre of iron-working. NOK
Also an other iron-working centre developed in West Africa, northern Nigeria (today), in about 600 BC. These people, known as the NOK, mined iron and used it to make tools, farming tools, spears and arrowheads. The NOK were also known for their Clay sculptures. The NOK smelted iron ore in a pit furnace made of clay. Potters used furnaces to fire their Clay skulptures. IFE and BENIN
The trade in the IFE and BENIN kingdoms made powerful rulers rich. Craftworkers of BENIN where scilled in metalworking, the finest metal sculptures in Africa. The peaople of BENIN traded with the PORTUGUESE when their ships began sailin along the West African coast in the 1400s. AFRICAN EMPIRES and KINGDOMS in 1500 SONGHAI
Africa at this time, was a continent with many kingdoms. The strongest was Muslim kingdom of SONGHAI. It controlled trade acrioss Sahara desert. |
AXUM
In northeast Africa, the kingdom of AXUM grow as a main trading country. (today in Ethiopia) The main goods were spices, ivory and incence. Major trading partners were Egypt, Arabia and Persia. It became by the end of the 5th century AD a mainly Christian kingdom. MALI
The islamic kingdom of MALI replaced Ghana as West Africa`s most powerful empire. The fame of Mali`s ruler Mansa Musa, sread to Europe. The Mali kingdom was shown on maps as a land glittering with gold. KANEM-BORNU
Another Muslim kingdom was KANEM-BORNU. It thrived on trade between northern and southern Africa. To the east, the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia lay in the heard of a Muslim Africa. GREAT ZIMBABWE
1100 AD the GREAT ZIMBABWE KINGDOM arise. The settlement of ZIMBABWE in southern Africa was build over 400 years. The walled citadel of GREAT ZIMBABWE was used by rulers as administrative centre. Around 1450 at the peak, this prosperous kingdom was major centre of religion, politic and trade. The zimbabwe people used copper and iron, traded in gold. By 1500 the civilisation, that build Zimbabwe was in decline. |
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